การปรับปรุงสมบัติของเส้นใยมะพร้าวอ่อนด้วยเอนไซม์เซลลูเลส เพื่อการผลิตเส้นด้าย

Abstract

This research aimed to study: 1) the chemical composition and physical properties of green coconut fibers treated with sodium hydroxide solution, 2) the optimum conditions for improving green coconut fiber quality using cellulases, 3) the optimal ratio of green coconut fibers and cotton fibers for yarn production, and 4) the physical properties of green coconut fiber blend yarn. The chemical composition and physical properties of treated green coconut fibers along with the optimum conditions for improving green coconut fiber quality using cellulases were examined using factorial experiments in completely randomized designs (factorial in CRD). Two principal factors in the experiment included three levels of cellulase concentration (10, 20 and 30 FPU/g), and three digestion times (2, 4 and 6 hours). The chemical composition and the physical properties were then studied using completely randomized design (CRD) to find out the optimal ratio for green coconut fiber blend yarn manufacturing. Three blending ratios of green coconut fibers and cotton fibers (20:80, 30:70, and 40:60) were studied. Then, the yarn physical properties were tested. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and averages difference was carried out by means of Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The study revealed that: 1) the chemical composition of treated green coconut fibers was changed as there was an increase in the percentage of cellulose and a decrease in hemicellulose and lignin. 2) The optimum conditions for improving green coconut fiber quality using cellulases included cellulase concentration of 20 FPU/g with 4-hour digestion time. It claimed the highest percentage of cellulose (\bar{x}=56.51) and the least percentage of hemicellulose (\bar{x}=3.18). 3) The optimal ratio of green coconut fibers and cotton fibers for yarn manufacturing was 30:70. 4) The physical properties of green coconut fiber blend yarn were as follows: the yarn number of 438.53 tex, the twist (S-Turn) of 6 TPI, the highest tensile strength of 18.17 newton, the tenacity of 0.04 newton per tex, and the elongation percentage of 92.78. The physical properties showed a statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05).